| Key to Monitoring-Modeling-Emissions Mapping |
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| Name |
Compound |
IMPROVE Species |
CMAQ Mapping |
CAMx Mapping |
Emissions Mapping |
Notes |
| Sulfate |
SO4 |
3*S (sulfur) or SO4 |
ASO4J + ASO4I |
PSO4 |
PSO4 |
IMPROVE
derives from module A. IMPROVE uses
SO4 measurement from module B if S measurement missing. |
| Ammonium Sulfate |
ammSO4 |
1.375*SO4 |
can
be applied |
can
be applied |
n/a |
|
| Sulfur Dioxide |
SO2 |
n/a |
SO2 |
SO2 |
SO2 |
IMPROVE
monitoring has provision to measure SO2 but does not at most sites. |
| Sulfuric Acid |
H2SO4 |
n/a |
SULF |
SULF |
SULF |
|
| Sulfur Oxides |
SOX |
n/a |
n/a |
n/a |
SOX = PSO4 + SO2 +
SULF |
SOX
is not modeled directly. |
| Nitrate |
NO3 |
NO3 |
ANO3J + ANO3I |
PNO3 |
PNO3 |
IMPROVE derives
from module B. |
| Ammonium Nitrate |
ammNO3 |
1.29*NO3 |
can
be applied |
can
be applied |
n/a |
|
| Nitrous Oxide |
NO |
n/a |
NO |
NO |
NO = 0.9 * NOX |
For
emissions, NOX is speciated to provide inputs for NO and NO2. |
| Nitrogen Dioxide |
NO2 |
n/a |
NO2 |
NO2 |
NO2 = 0.1 * NOX |
For
emissions, NOX is speciated to provide inputs for NO and NO2. |
| Nitrogen Oxides |
NOX |
n/a |
n/a |
n/a |
NOX = NO + NO2 |
NOX
is not modeled directly. |
| Nitric Acid |
HNO3 |
n/a |
HNO3 |
HNO3 |
HNO3 |
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| Ammonia |
NH3 |
n/a |
NH3 |
NH3 |
NH3 |
IMPROVE inlet
denuder removes NH3. |
| Ammonium |
NH4 |
Infered
from SO4 and NO3 |
ANH4J
+ ANH4I |
PNH4 |
n/a |
Infered
from SO4 and NO3 measurements. |
| Organic
Carbon |
OC |
OC1 + OC2 + OC3
+ OC4 + OP |
n/a |
n/a |
n/a |
IMPROVE derives
from module C. CMAQ and CAMx output
Organic Mass directly. |
| Organic Mass |
OM |
1.8*OC |
AORGAJ
+ AORGAI + AORGPAJ + AORGPAI + AORGBJ + AORGBI |
POA
+ SOA1 + SOA2 + SOA3 + SOA4 + SOA5 |
n/a |
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| Primary Organic Aerosol |
POA |
n/a |
AORGPAJ
+ AORGPAI |
POA |
POA |
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| Volatile Organic Compounds |
VOC |
n/a |
Depends
on chemical mechanism => speicated VOCs |
Depends
on chemical mechanism => speicated VOCs |
VOC |
|
| Carbon Monoxide |
CO |
n/a |
CO |
CO |
CO |
|
| Elemental Carbon |
EC |
EC1 + EC2 + EC3 - OP |
AECJ + AECI |
PEC |
PEC |
IMPROVE
derives from module C. |
| Soil (fine) |
SOIL |
2.2*Al + 2.49*Si +
1.63*Ca + 2.42*Fe + 1.94*Ti |
A25I + A25J |
FCRS
+ FPRM |
Fine
Fugitive dust (Windblown dust, Road dust, Fugitive dust) |
IMPROVE
derives from module A. |
| Sea Salt |
SS |
1.8*Chl
(Chloride) |
n/a |
n/a |
n/a |
IMPROVE
derives from module B. IMPROVE uses
Chlorine measurement from module A if Chloride not available or below
MDL. Emissions inventories and models
do not contain/track chloride. |
| Coarse Particulate Matter |
CM |
MT
– FM |
ACORS + ASEAS + ASOIL |
CCRS + CPRM |
PMC |
IMPROVE derives
from modules A & D. |
| Fine Particulate Matter |
PM2.5 |
FM |
(ASO4J
+ ASO4I) + (ANO3J + ANO3I) + (ANH4J + ANH4I) + (AORGAJ + AORGAI + AORGPAJ +
AORGPAI + AORGBJ + AORGBI) + (AECJ + AECI) + (A25J + A25I) |
PSO4
+ PNO3 + PNH4 + (POA + SOA1 + SOA2 + SOA3 + SOA4 + SOA5) + PEC + FCRS + FPRM |
PMFINE |
IMPROVE
derives from module A. |
| Total Particulate Matter |
PM10 |
MT |
PM2.5
+ CM |
PM2.5
+ CM |
PMFINE + PMC |
IMPROVE
derives from module D. |
| Total
Extinction |
Bext |
2.2*fs(RH)*(Small
Sulfate) + 4.8*fl(RH)*(Large Sulfate) + 2.4*fs(RH)*(Small Nitrate) +
5.1*fl(RH)*(Large Nitrate) + 2.8*fs(RH)*(Small Organic Mass) +
6.1*fl(RH)*(Large Organic Mass) + 10*EC + SOIL + 1.7*fss(RH)*(Sea Salt) +
0.6*CM + Rayleigh (site specific) |
can be applied |
can be applied |
n/a |
This is the new
IMPROVE algorithm. |
| Large Sulfate |
Large
Sulfate |
=(ammSO4)*(ammSO4)/20
for ammSO4 < 20 ug/m3
=(ammSO4)
for ammSO4 >= 20 ug/m3 |
can
be applied |
can
be applied |
n/a |
Allows
the use of variable extinction efficiences. |
| Small Sulfate |
Small
Sulfate |
=ammSO4 - Large Sulfate |
can
be applied |
can
be applied |
n/a |
Allows
the use of variable extinction efficiences. |
| Large Nitrate |
Large
Nitrate |
=(ammNO3)*(ammNO3)/20
for ammNO3 < 20 ug/m3
=(ammNO3)
for ammNO3 >= 20 ug/m3 |
can
be applied |
can
be applied |
n/a |
Allows
the use of variable extinction efficiences. |
| Small Nitrate |
Small
Nitrate |
=ammNO3 - Large Nitrate |
can
be applied |
can
be applied |
n/a |
Allows
the use of variable extinction efficiences. |
| Large Organic Mass |
Large
Organic Mass |
=(OM)*(OM)/20
for OM < 20 ug/m3
=(OM)
for OM >= 20 ug/m3 |
can
be applied |
can
be applied |
n/a |
Allows
the use of variable extinction efficiences. |
| Small Organic Mass |
Small
Organic Mass |
=OM - Large Organic Mass |
can
be applied |
can
be applied |
n/a |
Allows
the use of variable extinction efficiences. |
| Relative Humidity |
RH |
RH |
RH |
RH |
n/a |
Not
measured at most IMPROVE sites. |
| Scattering enhancement factor due to RH for small fraction |
fs(RH) |
can
be applied |
can
be applied |
can
be applied |
n/a |
Generally
applied as a monthly average. |
| Scattering enhancement factor due to RH for large fraction |
fl(RH) |
can
be applied |
can
be applied |
can
be applied |
n/a |
Generally
applied as a monthly average. |
| Scattering enhancement factor due to RH for sea salt |
fss(RH) |
can
be applied |
can
be applied |
can
be applied |
n/a |
Generally
applied as a monthly average. |
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