EPRI, formerly the Electric Power Research
Institute, has been activity involved in visibility and aerosol research
assessing the causes of haze, testing and developing of aerosol and optical
instruments and participating in the development of visibility regulations.
This page provides links to a subset of EPRI's report on visibility and aerosol
science.
Visibility Reduction as Related to Aerosol Constituents - Principle
Investigators: Appel, Tokiwa, Hsu, Kothny, Hahn and Wesolowki. Prepared for
Research Division, California Air Resources Board. Report # CA/DOH/AIHL/SP-29,
October, 1983.
This workshop report establishes ways to
manage emissions from power plants in concert with meteorological situations
to maintain compliance with ground level air quality requirements,
supplementary control systems were only an interim approach. To devise
emission management strategies for maintaining acceptable air quality EPRI
should undertake a research program on pollutant effects, mechanism of
pollutant formation and transport and assessment of pollutant environmental
consequences.
In short, it set off the motivations for
undertaking large scale field studies together with other public and private
agencies.
This report presents an operational
analysis concluding feasibility and cost-effectiveness assuming that
reaction products of primary emissions in the atmosphere would not become an
issue.
The sulfate regional experiment (SURE)
Study
Design of the sulfate regional experiment
[SURE], Volumes I, II, III, & IV - Principle Investigators: Hidy, G. M..,
E. Y. Tong, P. K. Mueller, et al., EPRI Report EC-125, February 1976.
These volumes describe and
provide the information researched as a basis for detailing plans for
undertaking a multi-year observational and modeling study about the origins
and transport of atmospheric sulfates and other associated aerosol
components. Available aerometric and emissions information was classified
and analyzed for 7 USA geographic areas: central California, southern
California, southwestern USA, north central USA, central mid-western USA,
southeastern USA and northeastern USA. Based on episodic and seasonal
climatological analyses, the northeastern USA was selected as presenting the
best opportunities for an observational study to elucidate the zones and
mechanisms underlying the environmental influence of atmospheric emissions
from fossil fueled power plants and other sources. The report established
strong justifications for innovating observational methods that obviate
interference across gas and particle phase components, and provide continual
diurnal resolution.
This report
explains all aspect of an observational study based on a comprehensive
conceptual framework on how to relate emissions of SO2 to air quality on a
regional scale for the northeastern quadrant of the USA.
The sulfate regional
experiment: Report of findings, Vols. I, II, & III - Principle
Investigators: Mueller, P.K., G. M. Hidy, R. L. Baskett, K. K. Fung, R. C.
Henry, T. F. Lavery, K. K. Warren, & J. G. Watson, EPRI report EA-1901, March
1983.
This report
report presents all aspects of ground and upper air measurements, emissions,
meteorology and modeling for the rural northeastern quadrant of the USA.
These measurement were conducted continually for 2 years from Aug 1977
through Dec 1979. It included measurements of sulfur dioxide, two oxides of
nitrogen, ozone, particulate mass in three particle size groups and their
chemical composition with respect to sulfate, nitrate, ammonium and carbon.
Limitations
of the information are thoroughly analyzed and quantitatively established.
This report
describes the surroundings and vicinity of 56 rural sampling locations
together with an assessment about the extent to which the intent to obtain
information about regional air quality could have been compromised by
circumstances in the vicinity of each site.
This report
describes in detail the contents and format of the SURE data base. It
details the contents and attributes of the data from all aspects of SURE.
This
reports describes the seasonal inventories, and how they were obtained an
recorded, coinciding with five intensive 30-day measurements from Aug 1977
through July 1978. The intent was to link ambient air quality and
atmospheric process observations to emissions during the time the
observations were made.
This report describes the upper
air measurements made during 10 days in each season from 1977 - 1978 in the
vicinity of ground stations obtaining daily diurnal for many gas and
particulate phase species.
This report
explains and lists the continuous upper air measurements made during August
and October 1977, January, April, July and October 1978 in the vicinity of
continuous and simultaneous daily ground level measurements.
